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Bungieen kab peqoe: Difference between revisions
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==Literary vs colloquial == | ==Literary vs colloquial == | ||
* '''Colloquial readings''' ({{gs|pegthok|白讀}}) are usually used in normal speech. | * '''Colloquial readings''' ({{gs|pegthok|白讀}}) are usually used in normal speech. | ||
*'''Literary readings''' ({{gs|bunthok|文讀}}) of [[Harnji]] are usually used in formal loan words or names, when reading aloud and in formal settings. | * '''Literary readings''' ({{gs|bunthok|文讀}}) of [[Harnji]] are usually used in formal loan words or names, when reading aloud and in formal settings. | ||
* For example, {{wt|白}} has two readings: | * For example, {{wt|白}} has two readings: | ||
** Colloquial: '''{{tx|peh}}''', as in '''{{tx|[[peqzhaix]]}}''' (Chinese cabbage) | ** Colloquial: '''{{tx|peh}}''', as in '''{{tx|[[peqzhaix]]}}''' (Chinese cabbage) | ||
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* '''Vernacular readings''', marked {{gs|siok|俗}}, are relatively rare. See {{gs|pof|埠}}, {{gs|lok|錄}}, {{gs|kiok|劇}}, for example. | * '''Vernacular readings''', marked {{gs|siok|俗}}, are relatively rare. See {{gs|pof|埠}}, {{gs|lok|錄}}, {{gs|kiok|劇}}, for example. | ||
== | == More examples == | ||
Most [[Hokkien numerals]] have both literary and colloquial readings. Literary readings are typically used when the numerals are read out loud (e.g. [[tiexn'oe|telephone]] numbers), while colloquial readings are used for counting items. | |||
The following chart, from {{w|Amoy_dialect#Literary_and_colloquial_readings}}, illustrates some of the more commonly seen sound shifts: | |||
{{ | |||
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" | {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" | ||
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| ''to stand'' | | ''to stand'' | ||
|} | |} | ||
==More details== | ==More details== | ||
* | * Dictionaries such as the [[MoeDict]] use the labels 文 (''{{x|buun}}'') for literary readings, and 白 (''{{x|pek}}'' / ''{{x|peh}}'') for colloquial readings. | ||
The following is adapted from {{w|Hokkien#Literary_and_colloquial_readings}}: | |||
* The bulk of literary readings are based on pronunciations of the vernacular during the [[Toong|Tang dynasty]] and mainly used in formal phrases and written language (e.g. philosophical concepts, surnames, and some place names). | * The bulk of literary readings are based on pronunciations of the vernacular during the [[Toong|Tang dynasty]] and mainly used in formal phrases and written language (e.g. philosophical concepts, surnames, and some place names). | ||
* Literary readings tend to be more similar to the pronunciations of the Tang standard of [[Middle Chinese]] than their colloquial equivalents. | * Literary readings tend to be more similar to the pronunciations of the Tang standard of [[Middle Chinese]] than their colloquial equivalents. | ||
* The colloquial (or vernacular) readings are basically used in spoken language and vulgar (ordinary/common) phrases. | * The colloquial (or vernacular) readings are basically used in spoken language and vulgar (ordinary/common) phrases. | ||
* The divergence between literary and colloquial is due to several "strata" in the Min lexicon. See {{w|Proto-Min_language#Strata}} | * The divergence between literary and colloquial is due to several "strata" in the Min lexicon. See {{w|Proto-Min_language#Strata}} | ||
==See also== | ==See also== | ||
*[[theaji]] | * [[theaji]] | ||
* [[MoeDict thex, peh, buun, siok]] | |||
[[Category: Gwgienhak]] | [[Category: Gwgienhak]] | ||