A Beginner's Guide to Taiwanese: Difference between revisions

A Beginner's Guide to Taiwanese (view source)

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→‎Special vowels: 5 bullets first. y, w, ...

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 ===== Special vowels =====
-For certain vowels in certain tones, the following ornamental substitutions/shortcuts are used:
+For certain vowels in certain tones, some ornamental substitutions/shortcuts are used. Refer to the [[Media:Seven Tones of Taiwanese.pdf|''Seven Tones'']] chart.
-* [[shouting tone]]: ''ie'', ''uo'', ''ea'', ''ae'', ''ao'', when they end the syllable
+* '''{{x|y}}''',  '''{{x|w}}''': [[high tone]] of '''i''' and '''u'''
-* [[high tone]]: ''{{x|y}}, w'', (and ''{{x|ym}}'', ''{{x|yn}}'', ''{{x|wn}}'')
+* '''{{x|ie}}''', '''{{x|uo}}''', '''{{x|ea}}''': [[shouting tone]] of '''i''', '''u''', '''e'''
-* curving-tone: ''øø'' -> ''{{x|øo}}'' (and ''iøø'' -> ''{{x|iøo}}'')
+* '''{{x|ae}}''', '''{{x|ao}}''': shortcuts for "a + ie" and "a + uo"
+* '''{{x|øo}}''': shortcut for "øø"
-[[File:ie, uo, ea, ae, ao.mp3|thumb|none|ie, uo, ea, ae, ao]]
+* None of these apply with NFCs except: '''{{x|ym}}''', '''{{x|yn}}''', '''{{x|wn}}'''
-[[File:y w ym yn wn.mp3|thumb|none|y, w, ym, yn, wn]]
 {| class="wikitable"
-! Vowel<sup>#</sup> !! Parts !! Substitution !! Example || Meaning
+! Syll. Tail !! Shortcut !! Example || Meaning
 |-
-| i<sup>2</sup>  || i + r || {{x|ie}}  || {{x|lie}} || you
+| if, ifm, ifn || {{x|y}}, {{x|ym}}, {{x|yn}} || {{x|ty}}, {{x|kym}}, {{x|cyn}} || pig, gold, very
 |-
-| u<sup>2</sup>  || u + r || {{x|uo}}  || {{x|kuo}} || (''of time'') long
+| uf, ufn || {{x|w}}, {{x|wn}} || {{x|titw}}, {{x|zhwn}} || spider, springtime
 |-
-| e<sup>2</sup>  || e + r || {{x|ea}}  || {{x|bea}} || horse
+| ir || {{x|ie}}  || {{x|lie}} || you; ...
 |-
-| ai<sup>2</sup>  || a + ie || {{x|ae}}  || {{x|hae}} || sea
+| ur || {{x|uo}}  || {{x|kuo}} || (''of time'') long
 |-
-| au<sup>2</sup>  || a + uo || {{x|ao}}  || {{x|kao}} || dog. nine
+| er || {{x|ea}}  || {{x|boea}} || tail
 |-
-| i<sup>1</sup>  || i + f || {{x|y}}  || {{x|y}}, {{x|yn}}, {{x|kym}} || he; she; it. they. gold
+| air || {{x|ae}}  || {{x|hae}} || sea
 |-
-| u<sup>1</sup>  || u + f || w || {{x|titw}}, {{x|zhwn}} || spider. spring season
+| aur || {{x|ao}}  || {{x|kao}} || dog. nine
 |-
-| ø<sup>5</sup>  || ø + ø || {{x|øo}} || {{x|kiøo}} || bridge; eggplant
+| øø || {{x|øo}} || {{x|kiøo}} || bridge; eggplant
 |}
-[[File:lie,_kuo,_bea,_hae, kao.mp3|thumb|none|lie, kuo, bea, hae, kao]]
-[[File:y yn kym titw zhwn.mp3|thumb|none|y, yn, kym, titw, zhwn]]
-For shouting tone vowel + nasal final consonant, ''r'' is always used, e.g., ''{{x|irm}}'', ''{{x|iarm}}'', ''{{x|irn}}'', ''{{x|urn}}'', ''{{x|iern}}'', etc.
-Now may be a good time to try your hand at the [[:File:Seven Tones of Taiwanese.pdf|''Seven Tones'']] chart.
 === Syllable structure ===