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Modern Literal Taiwanese: Difference between revisions
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The [[Tones of Taiwanese]] are encoded by appending and modifying spellings with attention to the rules of the MLT system. The basic tone has no modification. | The [[Tones of Taiwanese]] are encoded by appending and modifying spellings with attention to the rules of the MLT system. The basic tone has no modification. | ||
====High | ====High tone==== | ||
A [[high tone]] is derived from raising a basic tone, and is represented by adding a tone indicator "f" after a vowel, except "i" and "u", in a syllable. The high tone of "i" and "u" are "y" and "w" respectively. Note that the tone indicator "f" is a [[silent letter]]. | A [[high tone]] is derived from raising a basic tone, and is represented by adding a tone indicator "f" after a vowel, except "i" and "u", in a syllable. The high tone of "i" and "u" are "y" and "w" respectively. Note that the tone indicator "f" is a [[silent letter]]. | ||
====Shouting-out | ====Shouting-out tone==== | ||
A [[shouting tone|shouting-out tone]] is derived from shouting out a basic tone, and is represented by adding a tone indicator "r" after a vowel. Exceptions "ai", "i", "u", "e", and "au", in a syllable, for which "ae", "ie", "uo", "ea", and "ao" are substituted, respectively. | A [[shouting tone|shouting-out tone]] is derived from shouting out a basic tone, and is represented by adding a tone indicator "r" after a vowel. Exceptions "ai", "i", "u", "e", and "au", in a syllable, for which "ae", "ie", "uo", "ea", and "ao" are substituted, respectively. | ||
====Low-falling | ====Low-falling tone==== | ||
The [[low tone|low-falling tone]] is always marked by appending an "x" to the rearmost vowel. | The [[low tone|low-falling tone]] is always marked by appending an "x" to the rearmost vowel. | ||
====Rising | ====Rising tone==== | ||
For the [[curving tone|rising tone]]: | For the [[curving tone|rising tone]]: | ||
* Simple vowel: simply repeat the vowel. | * Simple vowel: simply repeat the vowel. | ||
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** for ''ø'', use ''øo'' instead of ''øø''. | ** for ''ø'', use ''øo'' instead of ''øø''. | ||
====Short | ====Short tone==== | ||
[[Short tones]] are indicated by substituting the final stops as follows: h->q, t->d, p->b, k->g. | [[Short tones]] are indicated by substituting the final stops as follows: h->q, t->d, p->b, k->g. | ||
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* {{x|piq}} (4: Low stop) | * {{x|piq}} (4: Low stop) | ||
=== Special | === Special symbols === | ||
The apostrophe ('; ''[[sefngji-huhø]]'') is used to demarcate syllables when there is ambiguity. A [[hyphen]] (-; ''[[lien'oeh]]'' / ''lien'uih'') is used to join two, or more isolated words to make a new compound word with its own meaning. | The apostrophe ('; ''[[sefngji-huhø]]'') is used to demarcate syllables when there is ambiguity. A [[hyphen]] (-; ''[[lien'oeh]]'' / ''lien'uih'') is used to join two, or more isolated words to make a new compound word with its own meaning. | ||
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== History of MLT == | == History of MLT == | ||
The [[Pe̍h-ōe-jī]] (POJ) system, introduced in the 19th century, provides a basis for the phonetic transcription of Taiwanese using the Latin alphabet and developed a significant user base. However | The [[Pe̍h-ōe-jī]] (POJ) system, introduced in the 19th century, provides a basis for the phonetic transcription of Taiwanese using the Latin alphabet and developed a significant user base. However the number of users declined during the [[Taioaan Jidpurn sitai|Japanese era]], when the use of POJ was suppressed in preference to [[Taioaan-guo kana|katakana]], and also during the [[kaegiaam-sikii|era of martial law]], during which [[Hiexntai Piauzurn Harnguo|Mandarin Chinese]] was promoted. | ||
In 1943, four classmates in Tainan 2nd Middle School, began compiling Taiwanese words using a spelling system that would become the [[Taiwanese Modern Spelling System]] (TMSS). One of the students, [[Liim Keahioong]], developed TMSS to avoid the diacritic markings of POJ and the difficulty of inputting Chinese characters with the technology available. TMSS served as the basis for Modern Literal Taiwanese (MLT), which Dr. Liim first made public in the United States in 1986. Modern Taiwanese Language (MTL) is currently being used by the [[Washington DC Taiwanese School]]. | In 1943, four classmates in Tainan 2nd Middle School, began compiling Taiwanese words using a spelling system that would become the [[Taiwanese Modern Spelling System]] (TMSS). One of the students, [[Liim Keahioong]], developed TMSS to avoid the diacritic markings of POJ and the difficulty of inputting Chinese characters with the technology available. TMSS served as the basis for Modern Literal Taiwanese (MLT), which Dr. Liim first made public in the United States in 1986. Modern Taiwanese Language (MTL) is currently being used by the [[Washington DC Taiwanese School]]. | ||
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* {{Textbook_1990}} | * {{Textbook_1990}} | ||
[[Category: | [[Category:Peqoexji]] | ||
[[Category: | [[Category:Modern Literal Taiwanese]] | ||
[[Category: | [[Category:Modern Taiwanese Language]] | ||
[[Category:Taioaan ee gwgieen]] | [[Category:Taioaan ee gwgieen]] | ||