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Modern Literal Taiwanese (view source)
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{{gsw|Hiexntai Bunsuhoad|t=,51|現代文書法|Modern Literal Taiwanese}} (MLT), also known as {{gs|Hiexntai-buun|現代文}} and '''Modern Taiwanese Language''' (MTL), is a writing system in the [[Latin jixbør|Latin alphabet]] for [[Taiguo|Taiwanese]] based on the [[Taiwanese Modern Spelling System]] (TMSS). MLT is able to use the ASCII character set to indicate the proper variation of pitch without subsidiary scripts or diacritic symbols. | |||
==MLT Examples== | ==MLT Examples== | ||
;{{tts|[[Ciaqpar]]` | ;{{tts|[[Ciaqpar]]`boe?|ciaqparboe{}}:Greetings. (lit., "Have you eaten?") | ||
;{{tts|[[ | ;{{tts|[[Iawboe]]}}. :Not yet. | ||
;{{tts|Sitlea!}} :Sorry for my impoliteness! (lit., "Disrespect") | ;{{tts|Sitlea!}} :Sorry for my impoliteness! (lit., "Disrespect") | ||
;{{tts|[[Piexnsor]] ti [[tøfui]]?}} :Where's the bathroom? (lit., "bathroom is where?") | ;{{tts|[[Piexnsor]] ti [[tøfui]]?}} :Where's the bathroom? (lit., "bathroom is where?") | ||
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;{{tts|[[Loflat]]! [[Kafmsia]]!}} :Thank you | ;{{tts|[[Loflat]]! [[Kafmsia]]!}} :Thank you | ||
;{{tts|Ho taf`laq!}} :Cheers! (lit., ''Let it (the cup) be dry!'') | ;{{tts|Ho taf`laq!}} :Cheers! (lit., ''Let it (the cup) be dry!'') | ||
;[[Siensvy]] korng, [[hagsefng]] [[tiaxmtiam]] thviaf | ;[[Siensvy]] korng, [[hagsefng]] [[tiaxmtiam]] thviaf[https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/36/Taiwanese_Kana_Example.ogg .] :The teacher talks, the students quietly listen. | ||
;[[Kin'afjit]] hit'ee [[zabor-gyn'ar]] laai goarn-taw khvoax goar | ;[[Kin'afjit]] hit'ee [[zabor-gyn'ar]] laai goarn-taw khvoax goar[https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f1/Tai_JintianDaoJiaKanWo.ogg .] :Today that girl came to my house to see me. | ||
;{{tts|Kin'axm larn beq khix [[Suxliim Iaxchi'ar]].}} :Tonight, we | ;{{tts|Kin'axm larn beq khix [[Suxliim Iaxchi'ar]].}} :Tonight, we are going to Shilin Night Market. | ||
==Current system== | ==Current system== | ||
The [[Taiwanese | The [[Taiwanese alphabet]] adopts the Latin alphabet of 26 letters, plus [[ø]], to express the basic sounds of Taiwanese. Here are the basic sounds: | ||
*a b c ch e f g h i j k kh l m n ng ø | *a b c ch e f g h i j k kh l m n ng o ø p ph q r s t th u v y z zh | ||
A MLT word, like each English word, can be formed by only one syllable or several syllables, with the two syllables being the most typical. Each syllable in MLT follows either one of the two underlying patterns (phonemes inside the brackets are optional): | A MLT word, like each English word, can be formed by only one syllable or several syllables, with the two syllables being the most typical. Each syllable in MLT follows either one of the two underlying patterns (phonemes inside the brackets are optional): | ||
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===Vowels=== | ===Vowels=== | ||
* Simple: a, i, u, e, o, ø, m, ng {{tts||af, i, u, e, o, øo, m, ng}} | * Simple: a, i, u, e, o, ø, m, ng {{tts||af, i, u, e, o, øo, m, ng}} | ||
* Compound: ai, au, ia, iu, iø, iau, ui, oa, oe, øe, oai {{tts||ay, au, ia, iu, iø, iau, ui, oa, oe, øe, oay}} | * Compound: ai, au, ia, iu, iø, iau, ui, oa, oe, [[øe]], oai {{tts||ay, au, ia, iu, iø, iau, ui, oa, oe, øe, oay}} | ||
* Special high tone (1st tone of i, u): y, w {{tts||y, w}} | * Special high tone (1st tone of i, u): y, w {{tts||y, w}} | ||
* Special shouting-out tone (2nd tone of ai, i, u, e, au): {{tts|ae, ie, uo, ea, ao}} | * Special shouting-out tone (2nd tone of ai, i, u, e, au): {{tts|ae, ie, uo, ea, ao}} | ||
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The stops ''h''/''q'', ''k''/''g'', ''p''/''b'' and ''t''/''d'' can appear as the last letter in a syllable, in which case they are pronounced as unreleased stops. (The finals ''h'' and ''q'' stand for a glottal stop of high and low tone, respectively.) | The stops ''h''/''q'', ''k''/''g'', ''p''/''b'' and ''t''/''d'' can appear as the last letter in a syllable, in which case they are pronounced as unreleased stops. (The finals ''h'' and ''q'' stand for a glottal stop of high and low tone, respectively.) | ||
TMSS originally prescribed two special characters: the Greek {{w|Nu (letter)}} and an [[o]] crossed by a backslash. To enable ASCII only typing, these were replaced with the Latin letter ''v'' and number ''0'', respectively. In modern computing environments, [[ø]] ("letter O with stroke") is used without much technical difficulty | TMSS originally prescribed two special characters: the Greek {{w|Nu (letter)}} and an [[o]] crossed by a backslash. To enable ASCII only typing, these were replaced with the Latin letter ''v'' and number ''0'', respectively. In modern computing environments, [[ø]] ("letter O with stroke") is used without much technical difficulty. | ||
===Tones=== | ===Tones=== | ||
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Prof. [[Liim Keahioong]], formerly of the National Cheng Kung University in [[Tailaam]], Taiwan, pioneered the Taiwanese Modern Spelling System (TMSS) in 1943, with the intent to avoid the diacritic markings of POJ and the cumbersomeness of inputting Chinese characters with the technology available. TMSS served as the basis for Modern Literal Taiwanese (MLT), or Modern Taiwanese Language (MTL) system. | Prof. [[Liim Keahioong]], formerly of the National Cheng Kung University in [[Tailaam]], Taiwan, pioneered the Taiwanese Modern Spelling System (TMSS) in 1943, with the intent to avoid the diacritic markings of POJ and the cumbersomeness of inputting Chinese characters with the technology available. TMSS served as the basis for Modern Literal Taiwanese (MLT), or Modern Taiwanese Language (MTL) system. | ||
==See Also/Zhamkhør== | ==See Also/Zhamkhør== | ||
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==External links== | ==External links== | ||
* http://www.edutech.org.tw/ 21st Century Taiwanese Language & Art Web - website run by Prof. Liim Keahioong, EDUTECH Foundation, Tainan, Taiwan | * http://www.edutech.org.tw/ 21st Century Taiwanese Language & Art Web - website run by Prof. Liim Keahioong, EDUTECH Foundation, Tainan, Taiwan | ||
* http://taioaan.org/taigie/english/jixtiern/match.php - Taiwanese (MTL) to Mandarin | * http://taioaan.org/taigie/english/jixtiern/match.php - Taiwanese (MTL) to English and Mandarin Dictionary | ||
[[Category:POJ]] | [[Category:POJ]] | ||