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Introduction to Taiwanese Vocabulary: Difference between revisions
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Introduction to Taiwanese Vocabulary (view source)
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As a branch of Hokkien, Taiwanese has many words with cognates in other Chinese varieties. False friends do exist; for example, '''{{x|zao}}''' ({{wt|走}}) means "to run" in Taiwanese, whereas the Mandarin cognate, ''zǒu'', means "to walk". Moreover, cognates may have different lexical categories; for example, the morpheme '''{{x|phvi}}''' ({{wt|鼻}}) means not only "nose" (a noun, as in Mandarin ''bí'') but also "to smell" (a verb, unlike Mandarin). | As a branch of Hokkien, Taiwanese has many words with cognates in other Chinese varieties. False friends do exist; for example, '''{{x|zao}}''' ({{wt|走}}) means "to run" in Taiwanese, whereas the Mandarin cognate, ''zǒu'', means "to walk". Moreover, cognates may have different lexical categories; for example, the morpheme '''{{x|phvi}}''' ({{wt|鼻}}) means not only "nose" (a noun, as in Mandarin ''bí'') but also "to smell" (a verb, unlike Mandarin). | ||
{{Ten common | {{Ten common Chinese characters}} | ||
In Taiwanese, [[Harnji]] often have differing literary and colloquial readings (pronunciations). See [[Literary and colloquial readings of Chinese characters]]. | In Taiwanese, [[Harnji]] often have differing literary and colloquial readings (pronunciations). See [[Literary and colloquial readings of Chinese characters]]. | ||
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See Also: {{z|台灣閩南語用詞#西洋語言}} | See Also: {{z|台灣閩南語用詞#西洋語言}} | ||
Taiwanese has words that come from [[Hølaan-guo|Dutch]], [[Portugal-guo|Portuguese]], and [[Sepangaa- | Taiwanese has words that come from [[Hølaan-guo|Dutch]], [[Portugal-guo|Portuguese]], and [[Sepangaa-guo|Spanish]] via its history (see [[Hølaan ee Formosa]]). Aside from placenames (like [[Samtiaw Kag]] and [[Huokuix Kag]]), most western words might be from English via Japanese (see [[Taiwanese words from English]]). | ||
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
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| '''{{x|bihluq}}''' || from [[Hølaan-oe|Dutch]] ''{{wt|bier}}'' via Japanese | | '''{{x|bihluq}}''' || from [[Hølaan-oe|Dutch]] ''{{wt|bier}}'' via Japanese | ||
|- | |- | ||
| '''{{x|kaq}}''' || from Dutch ''{{wt|akker}}'' (acre): | | '''{{x|kaq}}''' || from Dutch ''{{wt|akker}}'' (acre): 2934 [[pvii (tan'ui)|pvii]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
| '''{{x|pak}}''' || from Dutch ''{{wt|pachten}}'' (to lease) | | '''{{x|pak}}''' || from Dutch ''{{wt|pachten}}'' (to lease) | ||