Introduction to Taiwanese Vocabulary: Difference between revisions

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Introduction to Taiwanese Vocabulary (view source)

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The modern language that we call '''[[Taiguo|Taiwanese]]''' has been passed on for several generations primarily through oral tradition without a standardized writing system. It may be considered a variant of Hokkien brought by [[Fujian]]ese settlers from mainland China to the island of Taiwan ([[Formosa]]). The Taiwanese language has captured the history of the island in its borrowing of words from [[Formosan languages]], [[Sepangaa-gie|Spanish]], [[Kextexgie|Dutch]], [[Jidpwn'oe|Japanese]], and [[Engguo|English]].
The modern language that we call '''[[Taiguo|Taiwanese]]''' has been passed on for several generations primarily through oral tradition without a standardized writing system. It may be considered a variant of Hokkien brought by [[Fujian]]ese settlers from mainland China to the island of Taiwan ([[Formosa]]). The Taiwanese language has captured the history of the island in its borrowing of words from [[Formosan languages]], [[Sepangaa-gie|Spanish]], [[Kextexgie|Dutch]], [[Jidpwn'oe|Japanese]], and [[Engguo|English]].


Modern Taiwanese has words coming from [[Sioxngkor Harnguo|Old Chinese]] (ca. 0 BCE/CE) as well as the [[Toong|Tang Dynasty]] (ca. 618-907). However, it is still not natural for many people to write modern Taiwanese with [[Harnji|Han characters]]. Until the late 19th century, educated Taiwanese speakers wrote solely in [[Bungieen-buun|literary Chinese]]. Where Han characters have been used to record spoken Taiwanese, they are not always etymological or genetic; the borrowing of similar-sounding or similar-meaning characters is a common practice. The lack of a written standard and the difficulty in learning the relatively complicated [[Harnji]] posed a great barrier to written record of Taiwanese speech.
Modern Taiwanese has words coming from [[Sioxngkor Harnguo|Old Chinese]] (ca. 0 BCE/CE) as well as the [[Toong|Tang Dynasty]] (ca. 618-907). However, it is still not natural for many people to write modern Taiwanese with [[Harnji|Han characters]]. Until the late 19th century, educated Taiwanese speakers wrote mostly in [[Bungieen-buun|Classical Chinese]]. Where Han characters have been used to record spoken Taiwanese, they are not always etymological or genetic; the borrowing of similar-sounding or similar-meaning characters is a common practice. The lack of a written standard and the difficulty in learning the relatively complicated [[Harnji]] posed a great barrier to written record of Taiwanese speech.


A system of writing Taiwanese using Latin characters called [[POJ]], meaning "vernacular writing", was developed in the 19th century. The indigenous [[Taioaan Kitog Tviwlør Kaohoe|Presbyterian Church in Taiwan]] has been active in promoting the language since the late 19th century. In 1945, Professor [[Liim Keahioong]], formerly of the Cheng-Kung University in Taiwan, pioneered a system based on POJ called the Taiwanese Modern Spelling System (TMSS). TMSS has evolved into [[Modern Taiwanese Language]] (MTL), also known as Modern Literal Taiwanese (MLT). This wiki uses MTL to write Taiwanese.
A system of writing Taiwanese using Latin characters called [[POJ]], meaning "vernacular writing", was developed in the 19th century. The indigenous [[Taioaan Kitog Tviwlør Kaohoe|Presbyterian Church in Taiwan]] has been active in promoting the language since the late 19th century. In 1945, Professor [[Liim Keahioong]], formerly of the Cheng-Kung University in Taiwan, pioneered a system based on POJ called the Taiwanese Modern Spelling System (TMSS). TMSS has evolved into [[Modern Taiwanese Language]] (MTL), also known as Modern Literal Taiwanese (MLT). This wiki uses MTL to write Taiwanese.
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Main article: [[Common Taiwanese phrases]]
Main article: [[Common Taiwanese phrases]]
;[[Lie hør]][http://learntaiwanese.org/Beginner's%20Guide%20to%20Taiwanese_files/Lie%20hør.ogg !] : Hello!
;[[Lie hør]][http://learntaiwanese.org/Beginner's%20Guide%20to%20Taiwanese_files/Lie%20hør.ogg !] : Hello!
;{{tts|[[Ciaqpar]]`bøe?|ciaqparboe{}} : Hello. (Literally, "have you eaten your fill?")
;{{tts|[[Ciaqpar]]`boe?|ciaqparboe{}} : Hello. (Literally, "have you eaten your fill?")
;{{tts|[[Bexbae]]!}} :Not bad.  
;{{tts|[[Bexbae]]!}} :Not bad.  
;{{tts|[[Kafmsia]]!}} :Thank you.
;{{tts|[[Kafmsia]]!}} :Thank you.
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*'''{{tts|[[otofbae]]}}''' (from {{wt|オートバイ}} ootobai "autobike", an "Engrish" word)
*'''{{tts|[[otofbae]]}}''' (from {{wt|オートバイ}} ootobai "autobike", an "Engrish" word)
*'''{{tts|[[pharng]]}}''' (from {{wt|パン}} pan "bread", which is itself a loanword from [[Portugal-guo|Portuguese]]).  
*'''{{tts|[[pharng]]}}''' (from {{wt|パン}} pan "bread", which is itself a loanword from [[Portugal-guo|Portuguese]]).  
*Grammatical particles borrowed from Japanese, notably '''{{tts|tek}}''' (from teki 的) and '''{{tts|kaf}}''' (from か), show up in the Taiwanese of older speakers.
*Grammatical particles borrowed from Japanese, notably '''{{tx|tek}}''' (from teki {{wt|的}}) and '''{{tx|kaf}}''' (from {{wt|か}}), show up in the Taiwanese of older speakers.


===Western Languages===
===Western Languages===
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{{HokkienLiteraryColloquial-Num}}
{{HokkienLiteraryColloquial-Num}}


==More Information==
== Further study ==
* [[A Beginner's Guide to Taiwanese]]
*{{w|Taiwanese Hokkien}}
*{{w|Taiwanese Hokkien}}


[[Category: Getting started]]
[[Category: Getting started]]
LearnTaiwanese
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