Harnji
Harnji (漢字 Chinese characters) si iong laai siar kuynaxciorng hiexntai kab kofzar gybuun ee susiar bunji hexthorng. Hiexntai ee Harngie, Jidgie, Hangie lorng u ioxngtiøh Harnji, kitiofng Hanbuun kannaf zhwn Lamhaan u iong, Pag Tiausiefn ykefng huytiau. 20 seakie cirnzeeng, Oadlambuun iao u laang iong Harnji siar. Legsuo-siong ma bad u kithvaf ee binzok iong Harnji hegciar horng Harnji laai chix siar yn ee gygieen.
Han Characters
- Han Characters are used to write many modern and old languages. Today they are used in the Chinese languages, Japanese, and Korean. They were used in Vietnamese in the past.
- In most cases, Written Taiwanese uses the Harnji script (as does Mandarin), although there are a number of special characters which are unique to Taiwanese and which are sometimes used in informal writing. Where Han characters are used, they are not always etymological or genetic; the borrowing of similar-sounding or similar-meaning characters is a common practice. (See Substitute character).
- About 20-25% of typical running texts lack an appropriate sinographic written form (Mair (2003))
- Harnji often have several pronunciations. For example, 老 has one colloquial reading (marked 白 peh) and three literary readings (marked 文 buun). See Literary and colloquial readings of Chinese characters.
- Colloquial Taiwanese has roots in Old Chinese.
- Literary Taiwanese, which was originally developed in the 10th century in Fujian (Hokkiexn) and based on Middle Chinese, was used at one time for formal writing, but is now largely extinct.
- For the readings of a Harnji character, use MoeDict and TGJT
- You can input Harnji into the "MTL Interface to POJ Dictionary" (part of the MTL Toolbox)
- Kanji are Chinese characters as used for the Japanese language. Kanji that were used as man'yōgana eventually gave rise to hiragana and katakana.
Examples
Here are ten common Chinese characters:
| Harnji | Reading(s) | English |
|---|---|---|
| 一 | id | one (1) |
| 是 | si | to be |
| 人 | jiin | person |
| 我 | goar, gvor | me, I |
| 大 | toa, tai | big |
| 來 | laai | to come |
| 國 | kog | kingdom, country, nation |
| 你 | lie | you, your (汝) |
| 地 | tøe | ground, earth |
| 年 | nii, lieen | year |
Some characters used differently than in Mandarin: 烏 (of, black), 恁 (lirn, you (plural)), 濟† (ze, many).
Two-syllable words using characters differently than in Mandarin: gyn'ar (囡仔), zabor (查某), ølør (呵咾).
Siongkoafn ee buncviw
- Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan
- Taioaan Banlamgie thuiciexn ioxngji
- Harnbuun
- Harntiaau
- Tnglaang-ji
- Tiongbuun
- Hoabuun
- Hoaguo
- Buun-peh-i-thak
Siogguo
| Harnji na thak e bad, |
| 漢字若讀會捌，喙鬚就拍死結
漢字若讀會bat, 嘴鬚就打死結 |
| By the time you understand Harnji,
you've tied your beard into a knot. |