Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan/Monosyllables

A monosyllable is a word with only one syllable. Looking at the Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan (MoeDict), we found 2,936 rows that are monosyllables, covering 1,800 distinct sounds. Here is a chart of all the sounds organized by initial consonant and final part: PDF

Most of Taiwanese monosyllables are homophones. The most common case is 2:1 overlap, affecting 31% of rows.

Method

We isolated 2,936 rows from the dictionary that are monosyllables and converted their TRS to MTL. We only considered words from the first section of the dictionary because they appear to be frequently used, and ignored the second section. We folded in the backquoted words, for example `lie was counted as lix. Then we counted the frequency of each sound with Python's collections.Counter, which tells the number of homophonic dictionary rows, and got 1,800 distinct sounds. Then we used Counter again on those results and found:

• 1853 rows (63%) are homophonic, 1083 rows (37%) are not
• The most homophonic sounds are: lie, ky, and køf, which match 7 rows each, followed by cie, kafn, kefng, sefng, kaf, kaq, zngf, ti, sw, leeng, and kerng, which match 6 rows each
  • most commonly, homophones cover two rows: 896 rows (31%), 448 distinct sounds (25%)
  • some three rows: 516 rows (18%), 172 sounds (10%)
  • the rest, four to seven rows: 441 rows (15%), 97 sounds (5%)

Here is the data: ODS

Trivia

The frequently-used monosyllables use 258 MTL finals. 154 of those are words on their own. The polysyllables use 266 finals, or eight more: mh, mm, oaai, oai, vaai, vau, vo, vuix, which belong to the following nine syllables: gvau, gvo, hmh, hmm, hoaai, hoai, khvuix, kvaai, mm.

See also

• Frequently-Used Taiwanese Polysyllable Homophones
• Twenty-seven Taiwanese words beginning with the backquote