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| {{GSW|Harnji|漢字|Chinese characters}} si iong laai siar kuynaxciorng hiexntai kab kofzar gybuun ee susiar bunji hexthorng. Hiexntai ee [[Harngie]], [[Jidgie]], [[Hangie]] lorng u ioxngtiøh Harnji, kitiofng Hanbuun kannaf zhwn [[Lamhaan]] u iong, [[Pag Tiausiefn]] ykefng huytiau. 20 seakie cirnzeeng, [[Oadlamgie|Oadlambuun]] iao u laang iong Harnji siar. Legsuo-siong ma bad u kithvaf ee binzok iong Harnji hegciar horng Harnji laai chix siar yn ee [[gygieen]]. | | {{GSW|Harnji|漢字|Chinese characters}} si iong laai siar kuyna-ciorng hiexntai kab kofzar gwbuun ee susiar bunji hexthorng. Hiexntai ee [[Harnguo]], [[Jidguo]], [[Hankog-oe]] lorng u iong`tiøh Harnji, kitiofng Hanbuun kannaf zhwn [[Lamhaan]] u iong, [[Pag Tiausiefn]] ykefng huytiau. 20-seakie cirnzeeng, [[Oadlaam-guo|Oadlaam-buun]] iao u laang iong Harnji siar. Legsuo-siong ma bad u kithvaf ee binzok iong Harnji hegciar horng Harnji laai chix siar yn ee [[gwgieen]]. |
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| ==Han Characters== | | == Le == |
| *Han Characters are used to write many modern and old languages. Today they are used in the Chinese languages, Japanese, and Korean. They were used in Vietnamese in the past.
| | {{Ten common Chinese characters}} |
| *In most cases, Written Taiwanese uses the ''Harnji'' script (as does Mandarin), although there are a number of special characters which are unique to Taiwanese and which are sometimes used in informal writing. Where Han characters are used, they are not always etymological or genetic; the borrowing of similar-sounding or similar-meaning characters is a common practice. (See [[Substitute character]]).
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| *About 20-25% of typical running texts lack an appropriate sinographic written form (Mair (2003))
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| *''Harnji'' often have several pronunciations. For example, {{bt|老}} has one colloquial reading (marked {{wt|白}} ''peh'') and three literary readings (marked {{wt|文}} ''buun''). See [[Literary and colloquial readings of Chinese characters]].
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| **Colloquial Taiwanese has roots in [[Sioxngkor Harngie|Old Chinese]].
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| **Literary Taiwanese, which was originally developed in the 10th century in Fujian ([[Hokkiexn]]) and based on [[Middle Chinese]], was used at one time for formal writing, but is now largely extinct.
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| *For the readings of a Harnji character, use the MoE's [[TBSS]] and [[TGJT]]
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| *You can input Harnji into the "MTL Interface to POJ Dictionary" (part of the [[MTL Toolbox]])
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| *''[[Jidpurn Harnji|Kanji]]'' are Chinese characters as used for the Japanese language. Kanji that were used as ''{{w|man'yōgana}}'' eventually gave rise to hiragana and katakana.
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| ==Examples==
| | Khvoax: |
| *Ten Harnji commonly used in Mandarin: {{Ten common Harnji}}
| | * {{gs|of|烏|black}}, {{gs|lirn|恁|you (plural)}}, {{gs|zøe|濟|zøe|many}} |
| *Used differently than Mandarin: {{wt|烏}} ([[of]]), {{wt|恁}} ([[lirn]]), {{tj|濟}} ([[joaxze|zøe]]). | | * {{gs|gyn'ar|囡仔|child}}, {{gs|zabor|查某|woman; female}}, {{gs|ølør|呵咾|praise}} |
| *Taiwanese Compounds: [[gyn'ar]] (囡仔), [[zabor]] (查某), [[ølør]] (呵咾). | |
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| ==Siongkoafn ee buncviw== | | == Siongkoafn ee buncviw == |
| *[[Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan]] | | *[[Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan]] |
| *[[Taioaan Banlamgie thuiciexn ioxngji]] | | *[[臺灣閩南語推薦用字]] |
| *[[Harnbuun]] | | *[[Harnbuun]] |
| *[[Harntiaau]] | | *[[Haxn-tiaau]] |
| *[[Tnglaang-ji]] | | *[[Tnglaang-ji]] |
| *[[Tiongbuun]] | | *[[Tiongbuun]] |
| *[[Hoabuun]] | | *[[Hoabuun]] |
| *[[Hoaguo]] | | *[[Hoaguo]] |
| *[[Buun-peh-i-thak]] | | *[[Buun-peh-i-thak]] (Literary and colloquial readings of Chinese characters) |
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| ==Siogguo== | | ==Siogguo== |
| {| class="wikitable"
| | ; Harnji na thak øe bad, [[zhuiechiw]] tø phaq [[sykad]] |
| | Harnji na thak e bad,
| | : 漢字若讀會捌,喙鬚就拍死結 |
| [[zhuiechiw]] tøh phah [[sykad]]. | | : By the time you understand Harnji, you've tied your beard into a knot |
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| | 漢字若讀會捌,喙鬚就拍死結
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| 漢字若讀會bat, 嘴鬚就打死結
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| | By the time you understand Harnji,
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| you've tied your beard into a knot. | |
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| [[Category:Bunji]] | | [[Category:Bunji]] |
| [[Category:Tang'af bunhoax]] | | [[Category:Tang'af bunhoax]] |