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Extensive contact with the Japanese language has left a legacy of '''Japanese loanwords'''. Here is a sampling. | |||
== | Refer to the ''[[Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan]]'' for a table of 172 Japanese loanwords (we have annotated MTL and English). | ||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
! MTL || | == Taiwanese pronunciation == | ||
These words use Taiwanese pronunciation (Hokkien phonology; ''Taiguo Hoat'ym''). A number of these are [[Wasei-kango]]. | |||
{| class="wikitable sortable" | |||
! MTL || Japanese || Hiragana || Romaji || Mandarin || English | |||
|- | |- | ||
| [[piexntofng]]||弁当||べんとう||bentō||餐盒||lunch (prepared beforehand)/lunchbox/bento box | | [[piexntofng]]||弁当||べんとう||bentō||餐盒||lunch (prepared beforehand)/lunchbox/bento box | ||
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|- | |- | ||
| [[zuosia]]||注射||ちゅうしゃ||chūsha||打針||injection/give an injection | | [[zuosia]]||注射||ちゅうしゃ||chūsha||打針||injection/give an injection | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[kiernpurn]]||見本||みほん||mihon||樣品||sample , example | | [[kiernpurn]]||見本||みほん||mihon||樣品||sample , example | ||
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| [[baxnlienpid]]||万年筆||まんねんひつ||man'nenhitsu||鋼筆||fountain pen | | [[baxnlienpid]]||万年筆||まんねんひつ||man'nenhitsu||鋼筆||fountain pen | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[ | | [[pahhøex-tiaxm]]||百貨店||ひゃっかてん||hyakkaten||百貨公司||department store | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[oexsefng]]||衛生||えいせい||eisei||衛生||hygienic/sanitary/hygiene/sanitation | | [[oexsefng]]-...||衛生||えいせい||eisei||衛生||hygienic/sanitary/hygiene/sanitation | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[zwgi]]||主義||しゅぎ||shugi||主義||doctrine | | [[zwgi]]||主義||しゅぎ||shugi||主義||doctrine | ||
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== Japanese words commonly used by Taiwanese speakers == | == Japanese words commonly used by Taiwanese speakers == | ||
These are more or less spoken with Japanese pronunciation even if written in Harnji. | These are more or less spoken with Japanese pronunciation even if written in [[Harnji]]. | ||
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable sortable" | ||
! MTL || Romaji || Kanji || Kana || | ! MTL || Romaji || Kanji || Kana || English | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[nofliq]]||nori||海苔||のり||nori (seaweed) | | [[nofliq]]||nori||海苔||のり||nori (seaweed) | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | |[[anykhiq]]||aniki||{{wt|兄貴}}||あにき||an elder brother, someone who is considered one's senior | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[sasymiq]]||sashimi||刺身||さしみ||sashimi | | [[sasymiq]]||sashimi||刺身||さしみ||sashimi | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[ | | [[mysoq]]||miso||味噌||みそ||miso | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[swsiq]]||sushi||寿司||すし||sushi | | [[swsiq]]||sushi||寿司||すし||sushi | ||
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| [[kharsaxng]]||kāsan||母さん||かあさん||mother | | [[kharsaxng]]||kāsan||母さん||かあさん||mother | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[Jidpurn barnggaq|barnggaq]]||manga||漫画||まんが||manga | | [[Jidpurn barnggaq|barnggaq]]||manga||漫画||まんが|| comics; caricature; cartoon; manga; manhua | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[torsaxng]]||tōsan||父さん||とうさん||father | | [[torsaxng]]||tōsan||父さん||とうさん||father | ||
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| [[thathafmiq]]||tatami||疊||たたみ||tatami mat | | [[thathafmiq]]||tatami||疊||たたみ||tatami mat | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[ | | [[khaangparng]]||kampan||看板||かんばん||kanban (signboard) | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[urnciaxng]]||unchan||運ちゃん||うんちゃん||driver | | [[urnciaxng]]||unchan||運ちゃん||うんちゃん||driver | ||
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|} | |} | ||
More: | More: | ||
*Food: [[tholo]], [[ | * Food: [[tholo]], [[thakkhoq]], [[ageq]], [[oliern]], [[yōkan]] | ||
*Family: [[nisaxng]], (asarng) | * Family: [[nisaxng]], (asarng) | ||
== from English via Japanese == | == from English via Japanese == | ||
Main Article: [[Taiwanese words from English]] | Main Article: [[Taiwanese words from English]] | ||
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable sortable" | ||
! MTL || | ! MTL || English || Japanese || Romaji | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[alwmiq]]||aluminum||アルミ||arumi | | [[alwmiq]]||aluminum||アルミ||arumi | ||
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| aozuq||out! ([[baseball]])||アウト||auto | | aozuq||out! ([[baseball]])||アウト||auto | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[baftaq]]||butter||バター|| | | [[baftaq]]||butter||バター||batā | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[bakkuq]]||back||バック||bakku | | [[bakkuq]]||(v) to go back||バック||bakku | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[ciokofleatox]]||chocolate||チョコレート||chokorēto | | [[ciokofleatox]]||chocolate||チョコレート||chokorēto | ||
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| [[gietax]]||guitar||ギター||gitā | | [[gietax]]||guitar||ギター||gitā | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[ | | [[haantofluq]]||steering wheel (handle)||ハンドル||handoru | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[hotefluq]]||hotel||ホテル||hoteru | | [[hotefluq]]||hotel||ホテル||hoteru | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[ | | [[ieenjirn]]||engine||エンジン||enjin | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[khameflaq]]||camera||カメラ||kamera | | [[khameflaq]]||camera||カメラ||kamera | ||
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| [[kheciappuq]]||ketchup||ケチャップ||kechappu | | [[kheciappuq]]||ketchup||ケチャップ||kechappu | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[ | | [[khoxngkulie]]||concrete (building material)||コンクリート||konkurīto | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[ | | [[khuliemux]]||cream||クリーム||kurīmu | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[ | | [[khyloq]]||kilo||キロ||kiro | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[laetaq]]||lighter (fire making device)||ライター||raitā | | [[laetaq]]||lighter (fire making device)||ライター||raitā | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[ | | [[lajyoq]]||radio||ラジオ||rajio | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[lolaebax]]|| | | [[lolaebax]]||screwdriver||ドライバー||doraibā | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[maekux]]||mike (microphone)||マイク||maiku | | [[maekux]]||mike (microphone)||マイク||maiku | ||
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| [[melorng]]||melon||メロン||meron | | [[melorng]]||melon||メロン||meron | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[ | | [[nekuttae]]||necktie||ネクタイ||nekutai | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[phiernciq]]||pincher/pliers||ペンチ||penchi | | [[phiernciq]]||pincher/pliers||ペンチ||penchi | ||
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| [[sulitpaq]]||slippers||スリッパ||surippa | | [[sulitpaq]]||slippers||スリッパ||surippa | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[ | | [[thaeiax]]||tire||タイヤ||taiya | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[thenysuq]]||tennis||テニス||tenisu | | [[thenysuq]]||tennis||テニス||tenisu | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[ | | [[tholafkhuq]]||truck||トラック||torakku | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[ | | [[thomaftoq]]||tomato||トマト||tomato | ||
|} | |} | ||
== from Portuguese via Japanese == | == from Portuguese via Japanese == | ||
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
! MTL || | ! MTL || English || Japanese || Romaji || Portuguese | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[pharng]] || bread || [[wikt:パン|パン]] || pan || pão | | [[pharng]] || bread || [[wikt:パン|パン]] || pan || pão | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[ | | [[thieenpwlaq]] || tempura || [[wikt:天ぷら|天ぷら]] || tenpura || tempero | ||
|} | |} | ||
==Placenames== | == Placenames == | ||
*[[Taiwan placenames originating from Japanese rule]] | * see [[Taiwan placenames originating from Japanese rule]] | ||
== See Also == | == See Also == | ||
*[[ | * [[More Taiwanese words from Japanese]] | ||
== | == References == | ||
* [http://twblg.dict.edu.tw/holodict_new/index/fulu_wailaici.jsp 外來詞] [Loanwords] (in Chinese). ''[[Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan]]''. Ministry of Education (2011). | |||
* Mair, V. (1992) ''[http://www.sino-platonic.org/complete/spp034_sinolinguistics_fanqie.pdf East Asian Round-Trip Words]'' in ''Sino-Platonic Papers'' ('''34''') | |||
*[http://twblg.dict.edu.tw/holodict_new/index/fulu_wailaici.jsp] | |||
*[http://www.sino-platonic.org/complete/spp034_sinolinguistics_fanqie.pdf East Asian Round-Trip Words] | |||
[[Category:Taiwanese words from Japanese]] | [[Category:Taiwanese words from Japanese]] |
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