Shouting tone: Difference between revisions

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(→‎Examples: the substitutions below don't apply when the ending is nasal)
(→‎Examples: use + sign. some defns)
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== Examples ==
== Examples ==
Most pure/single vowels use the silent ''r'':
Most pure/single vowels use the silent ''r'':
* a -> {{x|ar}}: [[pharng]] (''bread'')
* a + r = {{x|ar}}: {{x|gyn'ar}} (''child'')
* o -> {{x|or}}: [[hor]] (''tiger'')
* o + r = {{x|or}}: {{x|or hancii}} (''dig sweet potatoes'')
* ø -> ør: {{x|hør}}! (''good'')
* ø + r = ør: {{x|hør}}! (''good'')
* {{x|mr}}, {{x|ngr}}
* m + r = {{x|mr}} (''wife of father's older brother'')
* ng + r = {{x|ngr}} (3 meanings, click to see)


Note, the substitutions below don't apply when the ending is nasal:
Note, the substitutions below don't apply when the ending is nasal:
* im -> {{x|irm}}
* ir + m = {{x|irm}} (''drink'')
* in -> {{x|irn}}: [[lirn]] (''you'' (Second person))
* ir + n = {{x|irn}}: {{x|lirn}} (''you'' (Second person))
* un -> {{x|urn}}
* ur + n = {{x|urn}}
* ien -> {{x|iern}}
* ien + r = {{x|iern}}


== Substitutions ==
== Substitutions ==

Revision as of 14:05, 22 October 2019

The shouting tone, tefngtuqym (上突音 shouting out tone (2)):

Examples

Most pure/single vowels use the silent r:

  • a + r = ar: gyn'ar (child)
  • o + r = or: or hancii (dig sweet potatoes)
  • ø + r = ør: hør! (good)
  • m + r = mr (wife of father's older brother)
  • ng + r = ngr (3 meanings, click to see)

Note, the substitutions below don't apply when the ending is nasal:

  • ir + m = irm (drink)
  • ir + n = irn: lirn (you (Second person))
  • ur + n = urn
  • ien + r = iern

Substitutions

The three root shouting substitutions:

Two more substitutions are actually shortcuts:

  • a + ie = ae: bexbae (not bad)
  • a + uo = ao: zao (to run)

The five above extend to these finals:

See also