Table of all MLT finals: Difference between revisions

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A '''list of all finals in Taiwanese Hokkien''' is presented in the following file using the [[Modern Taiwanese Language]] writing system, which integrates tone into the spelling of the final part of the syllable. Note that not all entries may actually appear in practice; the table is used for the purpose of converting to TRS or POJ or vice versa.
'''Tables of all MLT finals'''. In a Taiwanese [[imcied|syllable]], there are two main parts: '''initial''' + '''final''', where the final includes [[Tones of Taiwanese|tone]]. In the [[Modern Literal Taiwanese|MLT]] writing system, the final may include up to three parts:


[[File:All finals in Taiwanese Hokkien.ods]]
:: '''vowel''' + '''tone''' + optional '''final consonant'''
 
== Versions ==
The following tables show how to spell any '''MLT final''' in each tone.
* {{Seven-Tones-Soundboard-link}}, 43 × 7 grid, click for audio example
* [[Media:Seven_Tones_of_Taiwanese.pdf|''Seven Tones of Taiwanese'']], 32 × 7 grid for spelling out all tones
* [[Media:Examples_of_Seven_Tones_of_Taiwanese.pdf|Examples]], using words and syllables from  [[Practical Taiwanese Conversation]] (Level 1)
* [[Media:Finals of Modern Literal Taiwanese.pdf|''Finals of Modern Literal Taiwanese'']], 46 × 7 grid, including '''om''', '''oang''' and "front nasal" vowels (see [[v]])
 
== Background ==
* counted over 2100 distinct [[TL]] [[syllable]]s in ''[[Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan]]''
* counted 80 distinct finals (44 long, 36 short) after dropping tone markings
** ten most frequent: '''i''', '''e''', '''a''', '''ing''', '''u''', '''oo''', '''au''', '''ue''', '''o''', '''ai'''
** nine least frequent: '''om''', '''aunnh''', '''aih''', '''iuh''', '''ennh''', '''mh''', '''uang''', '''onnh''', '''iaunn''', '''op'''. These are found in the words: {{x|om}}, {{x|hvauqhvauh}}, {{x|haiq}}, {{x|tiuq}}, {{x|khveh}}, {{x|hmqhmh}}, {{x|oafng}}, {{x|`hvoq}}, {{x|viaw}}, {{x|lob}}, respectively.
 
== See also ==
* [[MTL Toolbox]] - soundboard
* initial consonants in [[Modern Literal Taiwanese alphabet]]
* [[Tones of Taiwanese]]
* [[Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan/Monosyllables]]
 
[[Category:Modern Literal Taiwanese]]

Latest revision as of 10:07, 20 February 2026

Tables of all MLT finals. In a Taiwanese syllable, there are two main parts: initial + final, where the final includes tone. In the MLT writing system, the final may include up to three parts:

vowel + tone + optional final consonant

Versions

The following tables show how to spell any MLT final in each tone.

Background

See also

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