Tones of Taiwanese: Difference between revisions
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'''Tones of Taiwanese''' | '''Tones of Taiwanese'''. The traditional tone class categorization, named after the [[suosefng|tones]] of [[Middle Chinese]]: | ||
{|class=wikitable style="text-align:center" | {|class=wikitable style="text-align:center" | ||
!Tone <br>number !! Name !! Description !! Pitch !! [[ | !Tone <br>number !! Name !! Description !! Pitch !! [[MLT]] !! Example | ||
|- | |- | ||
|1 || dark level (ym-pviaa 陰平) || [[high tone|high]] || 55 || af || | |1 || dark level ({{gs|ym-pviaa|陰平}}) || [[high tone|high]] || 55 || af || {{gs|say|獅}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
|2 || rising (siorng 上) || [[shouting tone|shouting]] || 51 || ar || | |2 || rising ({{gs|siorng|上}}) || [[shouting tone|shouting]] || 51 || ar || {{gs|hor|虎}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
|3 || dark departing (ym-khix 陰去) || [[low tone|low falling]] || 31 || ax || {{ | |3 || dark departing ({{gs|ym-khix|陰去}}) || [[low tone|low falling]] || 31 || ax || {{gs|pax|豹}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
|4 || dark entering (ym-jip 陰入) || [[short tones|low short]] || 3ʔ || aq || | |4 || dark entering ({{gs|ym-jip|陰入}}) || [[short tones|low short]] || 3ʔ || aq || {{gs|piq|鱉}}, {{gs|aq|鴨}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
|5 || light level (ioong-pviaa 陽平) || [[curving tone]] || 24 || aa || | |5 || light level ({{gs|ioong-pviaa|陽平}}) || [[curving tone]] || 24 || aa || {{gs|hiim|熊}}, {{gs|guu|牛}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
|7 || light departing (ioong-khix 陽去) || [[basic tone]] || 33 || a || | |7 || light departing ({{gs|ioong-khix|陽去}}) || [[basic tone]] || 33 || a || {{gs|chviu|象}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
|8 || light entering (ioong-jip 陽入) || high short || 5ʔ || ah || | |8 || light entering ({{gs|ioong-jip|陽入}}) || high short || 5ʔ || ah || {{gs|lok|鹿}} | ||
|} | |} | ||
* "level, rising, departing, entering" or "pviaa, siorng, khix, jip" | * tone names "level, rising, departing, entering" or "pviaa, siorng, khix, jip" are from the ''[[suosefng]]'' of Middle Chinese | ||
* Not shown: Tone 6 (pitch 22/33) is not widely used. [[Logkarng-khviw|Lukang accent]] still has the 6th tone, which has merged with the 2nd and 7th tones in other dialects of Taiwanese. Tone 9 (pitch 35) is used in [[Japanese loanwords]] and contractions. See [[ | * Not shown: Tone 6 ("light rising", pitch 22/33) is not widely used. [[Logkarng-khviw|Lukang accent]] still has the 6th tone, which has merged with the 2nd and 7th tones in other dialects of Taiwanese. Tone 9 (pitch 35) is used in [[Japanese loanwords]] and contractions. See [[TL]] for diacritics. | ||
[[File:Taiwanese-8Tones.ogg|thumb|none|[[hogzofng|svaf]], {{x|tea}}, [[khox]], {{x|khoaq}}, [[laang]], {{x|øea}}, [[phvi]], {{x|tit}} (shirt, short, pants, wide, person, short, nose, straight; 衫 短 褲 闊 人 矮 鼻 直) ]] | |||
[[File:Taiwanese-8Tones.ogg|thumb|none|[[svaf]], {{x|tea}}, [[khox]], {{x|khoaq}}, [[laang]], | |||
== See also == | == See also == | ||
* [[Table of all finals | * [[Table of all MLT finals]] | ||
* [[long tone]], [[short tone]] | * [[long tone]], [[short tone]] | ||
* [[Tone sandhi]] | * [[Tone sandhi]] | ||
* [[Reduplication]] | * [[Reduplication]] | ||
* [[ | * [[TL]] | ||
[[Category:Tones of Taiwanese]] | [[Category:Tones of Taiwanese]] | ||
Latest revision as of 08:54, 2 July 2024
Tones of Taiwanese. The traditional tone class categorization, named after the tones of Middle Chinese:
| Tone number |
Name | Description | Pitch | MLT | Example |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | dark level (ym-pviaa (陰平)) | high | 55 | af | say (獅) |
| 2 | rising (siorng (上)) | shouting | 51 | ar | hor (虎) |
| 3 | dark departing (ym-khix (陰去)) | low falling | 31 | ax | pax (豹) |
| 4 | dark entering (ym-jip (陰入)) | low short | 3ʔ | aq | piq (鱉), aq (鴨) |
| 5 | light level (ioong-pviaa (陽平)) | curving tone | 24 | aa | hiim (熊), guu (牛) |
| 7 | light departing (ioong-khix (陽去)) | basic tone | 33 | a | chviu (象) |
| 8 | light entering (ioong-jip (陽入)) | high short | 5ʔ | ah | lok (鹿) |
- tone names "level, rising, departing, entering" or "pviaa, siorng, khix, jip" are from the suosefng of Middle Chinese
- Not shown: Tone 6 ("light rising", pitch 22/33) is not widely used. Lukang accent still has the 6th tone, which has merged with the 2nd and 7th tones in other dialects of Taiwanese. Tone 9 (pitch 35) is used in Japanese loanwords and contractions. See TL for diacritics.