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Taiwanese words from Japanese: Difference between revisions

Taiwanese words from Japanese (view source)

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Here is a sampling of '''Taiwanese words from Japanese'''.  
Extensive contact with the Japanese language has left a legacy of '''Japanese loanwords'''. Here is a sampling.


==Taigie Hoat'ym ==
Refer to the ''[[Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan]]'' for a table of 172 Japanese loanwords (we have annotated MTL and English).
*[[alwmiq]]
*[[ageq]]
*[[asaflix]], [[asafliq]]
*[[barnggax]]
*[[olieen]]: beighead/black silver carp/spotted silver carp/Hypophthalmichthys
*[[bihluq]] (beer)
*[[QrgiQo]] (possibly)
*[[pharng]] (pan, bread)
*[[limkhiim]]
*[[khimof]], [[khimofciq]]
*[[zuobuun]]
*[[khawzQ]]
*[[pvixvi]]
*[[huilengky]] (huihengky, [[poehengky]])
*[[arnnai]]
*[[axsae]]
*[[oexsefng]]
*[[zwgi]]
*[[kekkhoarn]]
*[[obafsarng]], [[ojysarng]], [[khafsaxng]], [[tQrsaxng]], [[nisaxng]], (asarng)
*[[phierncix]] (pliers)
*[[piexntofng]]
*[[kengzex]]
*siensvef/[[siensvy]]
*[[kegkoaan]]
*parkoaan
*thiet'hak/tiet'hak
*[[nakasi]]
*[[oaqhii]] (live fish)
*[[zunafmiq]] (tsunami)
*[[khabarng]] (briefcase)


== from English via Japanese ==
== Taiwanese pronunciation ==
These words use Taiwanese pronunciation (Hokkien phonology; ''Taiguo Hoat'ym''). A number of these are [[Wasei-kango]].


{| {{table}}
{| class="wikitable sortable"
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''MTL'''
! MTL || Japanese || Hiragana || Romaji || Mandarin || English
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Engbuun'''
|-
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Nihongo'''
| [[piexntofng]]||弁当||べんとう||bentō||餐盒||lunch (prepared beforehand)/lunchbox/bento box
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Romaji'''
|-
| [[bixsox]]||味の素||あじのもと||ajinomoto||味精||monosodium glutamate(MSG)/gourmet powder/Accent/Ajinomoto
|-
| [[khawzø]]||口座||こうざ||kōza||帳戶||(bank, computer, etc.) account
|-
| [[zhuttviw]]||出張||しゅっちょう||shutchō||出差||official tour; business trip
|-
| [[chiwheeng]]||手形||てがた||tegata||支票||a bill, a note, a draft
|-
| [[zuobuun]]||注文||ちゅうもん||chūmon||訂購||order (merchandise)
|-
| [[kiehux]]||寄付||きふ||kifu||捐獻||donate (money or land)/donation/donate (money or land)
|-
| [[arnnai]]||案内||あんない||annai||安撫||to guide/entertain (a guest)/accompany
|-
| [[zuytø]]||水道||すいどう||suidō||水管||water pipe/hose
|-
|-
| [[khulymuq]]||cream||クリーム||kuriimu
| [[horngsaxng]]||放送||ほうそう||hōsō||廣播||to broadcast
|-
|-
| [[baftaq]]||butter||バター||bataa
| [[iupien]]||郵便||ゆうびん||yūbin||郵件||mail/post
|-
|-
| [[tholafkux]]||truck||トラック||torakku
| [[piexnsor]]||便所||べんじょ||benjo||廁所||toilet/water closet
|-
|-
| [[lajyQq]]||radio||ラジオ||rajio
| [[pvixvi]]||病院||びょういん||byōin||醫院||hospital
|-
|-
| [[nefkhuxthaix]]||necktie||ネクタイ||nekutai
| [[zuosia]]||注射||ちゅうしゃ||chūsha||打針||injection/give an injection
|-
|-
| [[thomaftQq]]||tomato||トマト||tomato
| [[kiernpurn]]||見本||みほん||mihon||樣品||sample , example
|-
|-
|  
| [[huilengky]]||飛行機||ひこうき||hikōki||飛機||airplane
|-
| [[zuxzoafnchiaf]]||自転車||じてんしゃ||jitensha||自行車||bicycle
|-
| [[toaxthofng]]||大通り||おおどおり||ōdōri||大馬路||Big street/avenue/main street
|-
| [[baxnlienpid]]||万年筆||まんねんひつ||man'nenhitsu||鋼筆||fountain pen
|-
| [[pahhøex-tiaxm]]||百貨店||ひゃっかてん||hyakkaten||百貨公司||department store
|-
| [[oexsefng]]-...||衛生||えいせい||eisei||衛生||hygienic/sanitary/hygiene/sanitation
|-
| [[zwgi]]||主義||しゅぎ||shugi||主義||doctrine
|-
| [[kengzex]]||経済||けいざい||keizai||經濟||economy
|}
|}


== Japanese words commonly used by Taiwanese speakers ==
== Japanese words commonly used by Taiwanese speakers ==
{| {{table}}
These are more or less spoken with Japanese pronunciation even if written in [[Harnji]].
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''MTL'''
{| class="wikitable sortable"
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Romaji'''
! MTL || Romaji || Kanji || Kana || English
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Kanji'''
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Kana'''
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Engguo'''
|-
|-
| [[nofliq]]||nori||海苔||のり||nori (seaweed)
| [[nofliq]]||nori||海苔||のり||nori (seaweed)
|-
|-
| [[anykhiq]]||aniki||兄貴||あにき||an elder brother, someone who is considered one's senior
|[[anykhiq]]||aniki||{{wt|兄貴}}||あにき||an elder brother, someone who is considered one's senior
|-
|-
| [[sasymiq]]||sashimi||刺身||さしみ||sashimi
| [[sasymiq]]||sashimi||刺身||さしみ||sashimi
|-
|-
| [[mysQq]]||miso||味噌||みそ||miso
| [[mysoq]]||miso||味噌||みそ||miso
|-
|-
| [[swsiq]]||sushi||寿司||すし||sushi
| [[swsiq]]||sushi||寿司||すし||sushi
|-
|-
| [[ojysarng]]||ojisan||小父さん||おじさん||man/uncle
| [[ojysarng]]||ojisan||小父さん||おじさん||man/uncle
|-
| [[obafsarng]]||obāsan||お婆さん||おばあさん||grandma/old woman
|-
|-
| [[oasafbiq]]||wasabi||山葵||わさび||wasabi
| [[oasafbiq]]||wasabi||山葵||わさび||wasabi
Line 81: Line 79:
| [[hinofkhiq]]||hinoki||檜||ひのき||Japanese cypress
| [[hinofkhiq]]||hinoki||檜||ひのき||Japanese cypress
|-
|-
| [[kharsaxng]]||kaasan||母さん||かあさん||mother
| [[kharsaxng]]||kāsan||母さん||かあさん||mother
|-
|-
| [[barnggax]]||manga||漫画||まんが||manga
| [[Jidpurn barnggaq|barnggaq]]||manga||漫画||まんが|| comics; caricature; cartoon; manga; manhua
|-
|-
| [[torsaxng]]||toosan||父さん||とうさん||father
| [[torsaxng]]||tōsan||父さん||とうさん||father
|-
|-
| [[thathafmiq]]||tatami||疊||たたみ||tatami mat
| [[thathafmiq]]||tatami||疊||たたみ||tatami mat
|-
|-
| [[khangparng]]||kampan||看板||かんばん||kanban (signboard)
| [[khaangparng]]||kampan||看板||かんばん||kanban (signboard)
|-
|-
| [[urnciaxng]]||unchan||運ちゃん||うんちゃん||driver
| [[urnciaxng]]||unchan||運ちゃん||うんちゃん||driver
Line 97: Line 95:
| [[lirngox]]||ringo||林檎||りんご||apple
| [[lirngox]]||ringo||林檎||りんご||apple
|-
|-
|  
| [[zunafmiq]]||tsunami||津波/津浪||つなみ||tsunami
|-
| [[khimofciq]]||kimochi||気持ち||きもち||emotion/mood
|-
| [[asaflix]]||assari || ||あっさり ||straightforward/clear cut
|}
|}
*Other: ''sashimi'' ([[chiahsyn]]), ''toro'' => [[tholo]], ''tako'' => [[thafkhQx]], hesiox (exclamation?), isiox
More:
* Food: [[tholo]], [[thakkhoq]], [[ageq]], [[oliern]], [[yōkan]]
* Family: [[nisaxng]], (asarng)


 
== from English via Japanese ==
== from Portuguese ==
Main Article: [[Taiwanese words from English]]
{| {{table}}
{| class="wikitable sortable"
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''MTL'''
! MTL || English || Japanese || Romaji
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Engbuun'''
|-
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Nihongo'''
| [[alwmiq]]||aluminum||アルミ||arumi
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Romaji'''
|-
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Portuguese'''
| aozuq||out! ([[baseball]])||アウト||auto
|-
| [[baftaq]]||butter||バター||batā
|-
| [[bakkuq]]||(v) to go back||バック||bakku
|-
| [[ciokofleatox]]||chocolate||チョコレート||chokorēto
|-
| [[gafsuq]]|| gas (from Dutch) ||ガス||gasu
|-
| [[gietax]]||guitar||ギター||gitā
|-
| [[haantofluq]]||steering wheel (handle)||ハンドル||handoru
|-
| [[hotefluq]]||hotel||ホテル||hoteru
|-
| [[ieenjirn]]||engine||エンジン||enjin
|-
| [[khameflaq]]||camera||カメラ||kamera
|-
| [[khatiern]]||curtain||カーテン||kāten
|-
| [[kheciappuq]]||ketchup||ケチャップ||kechappu
|-
| [[khoxngkulie]]||concrete (building material)||コンクリート||konkurīto
|-
| [[khuliemux]]||cream||クリーム||kurīmu
|-
| [[khyloq]]||kilo||キロ||kiro
|-
| [[laetaq]]||lighter (fire making device)||ライター||raitā
|-
| [[lajyoq]]||radio||ラジオ||rajio
|-
| [[lolaebax]]||screwdriver||ドライバー||doraibā
|-
| [[maekux]]||mike (microphone)||マイク||maiku
|-
| [[melorng]]||melon||メロン||meron
|-
| [[nekuttae]]||necktie||ネクタイ||nekutai
|-
| [[phiernciq]]||pincher/pliers||ペンチ||penchi
|-
| [[saesux]]||size||サイズ||saizu
|-
| [[sietzuq]]||shirt||シャツ||shatsu
|-
| [[sulitpaq]]||slippers||スリッパ||surippa
|-
| [[thaeiax]]||tire||タイヤ||taiya
|-
| [[thenysuq]]||tennis||テニス||tenisu
|-
|-
| [[pharng]]||bread||パン||pan||pão
| [[tholafkhuq]]||truck||トラック||torakku
|-
|-
| [[thienpwlaq]]||tempura||天ぷら||tempura||tempero
| [[thomaftoq]]||tomato||トマト||tomato
|}
 
== from Portuguese via Japanese ==
{| class="wikitable"
! MTL || English || Japanese || Romaji || Portuguese
|-
|-
|  
| [[pharng]] || bread || [[wikt:パン|パン]] || pan || pão
|-
|-
|  
| [[thieenpwlaq]] || tempura || [[wikt:天ぷら|天ぷら]] || tenpura || tempero
|}
|}
== Placenames ==
* see [[Taiwan placenames originating from Japanese rule]]


== See Also ==
== See Also ==
*[[List of Deep-relexified Japanese loanwords that Taiwanese shares with Mandarin]]
* [[More Taiwanese words from Japanese]]
*[[List of vocabulary Taiwanese shares with Japanese]]
 
== References ==
* [http://twblg.dict.edu.tw/holodict_new/index/fulu_wailaici.jsp 外來詞] [Loanwords] (in Chinese). ''[[Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan]]''. Ministry of Education (2011).
* Mair, V. (1992) ''[http://www.sino-platonic.org/complete/spp034_sinolinguistics_fanqie.pdf East Asian Round-Trip Words]'' in ''Sino-Platonic Papers'' ('''34''')


== ZhamkhQr ==
[[Category:Taiwanese words from Japanese]]
*[http://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8F%B0%E6%B9%BE%E8%AA%9E 台湾語]
*[http://twblg.dict.edu.tw/holodict_new/index/fulu_wailaici.jsp]
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