Hokkien numerals: Difference between revisions
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
(→Colloquial numbers: cleanup) |
|||
| Line 6: | Line 6: | ||
== Colloquial numbers == | == Colloquial numbers == | ||
[[File: sorji (peh).mp3|thumb|none| | [[File: sorji (peh).mp3|thumb|none|{{x|cit}}, {{x|nng}}, {{x|svaf}}, {{x|six}}, {{x|go}}, {{x|lak}}, {{x|chid}}, {{x|peq}}, {{x|kao}}, {{x|zap}}]] | ||
=== Cardinal numbers === | === Cardinal numbers === | ||
To count "how many", "{{w|cardinal numbers}}" are used. Use the colloquial system (''cit'', ''nng'', ''svaf'') together with a [[lioxngsuu|classifier]] (the classifier will [[tone sandhi|change tone]] when spoken). For example: | To count "how many", "{{w|cardinal numbers}}" are used. Use the colloquial system (''cit'', ''nng'', ''svaf'') together with a [[lioxngsuu|classifier]] (the classifier will [[tone sandhi|change tone]] when spoken). For example, from ''[[Cidboea Hii]]'': | ||
; | ; cidboea hii, nngxciaq kef, svazaang chiuar, ... | ||
: | : a tail of fish, a pair of chickens, three trees, ... | ||
From 11, ''{{x|id}}'' and ''{{x|ji}}'' begin to be used instead of ''cit'' & ''nng''. For example: | From '''11''', '''{{x|id}}''' and '''{{x|ji}}''' begin to be used instead of '''cit''' & '''nng'''. For example: | ||
; zab'itboea (11-boea), zabjixciaq (12-ciaq), zabsvazaang (13-zaang), ... | |||
; jixzab'itboea (21-boea), jixzabjixciaq (22-ciaq), ... | |||
From '''100''', '''{{x|paq}}''', count the hundreds place with '''cit''', '''nng''', '''svaf'''... and from 101, the blank tens place is {{gt|khoxng|空|[[0|zero]]}}: | |||
: | |||
; {{x|cidpaq}}-ee (100-ee), cidpah'khorng'it'boea (101-boea), cidpah'khorngji'ciaq (102-ciaq), ... | |||
; {{ | |||
There are shortcuts when the ones place is blank: | There are shortcuts when the ones place is blank: | ||
; {{ | ; {{x|pah'id}}-ee (110-ee), cidpah'zab'it'boea (111-boea), ..., | ||
; {{x|pahji}}-ee (120-ee), cidpah'jixzab'it'boea (121-boea) | |||
As we said, the next hundreds place is counted with ''{{x|nng}}''. | As we said, the next hundreds place is counted with '''{{x|nng}}'''. | ||
; {{ | ; {{x|nngxpaq}}-ee (200-ee), nngxpah'id-ee (210-ee), nngxpahji-ee (220-ee) | ||
Above 200, there's a shortcut using ''{{x|ar}}'' as a "weak form" of "hundred" (''{{x|paq}}'' -> ''{{x|aq}}'' -> ''ar''): | Above '''200''', there's a shortcut using '''{{x|ar}}''' as a "weak form" of "hundred" (''{{x|paq}}'' -> ''{{x|aq}}'' -> ''ar''): | ||
; | ; jixafid-ee (210-ee), jixafji-ee (220-ee), ... | ||
; goxafid-ee (510-ee), goxafji-ee (520-ee), ... | |||
; | |||
Thousands: | Thousands: | ||
; {{ | ; {{x|cidzhefng}} (1000), {{x|zheng'id}} / {{x|cidzheng'id}} (1100), {{x|nngxchiefn}} (2000) | ||
: 1,000, 1,100, 2,000 | : 1,000, 1,100, 2,000 | ||
Ten thousand: | Ten thousand: | ||
; {{ | ; {{x|cidban}} (1,0000), cidbaxn'id (1,1000), ..., nngxban (2,0000), ... | ||
: 10,000, 11,000, ..., 20,000 | : 10,000, 11,000, ..., 20,000 | ||
'''{{x|Pahban}}''' (100,0000) is million (1,000,000). | |||
=== Ordinal numbers === | === Ordinal numbers === | ||
For [[ordinal numbers]], when the numerals are preceded by the prefix ''{{x|te}}'': | For [[ordinal numbers]], when the numerals are preceded by the prefix '''{{x|te}}''': | ||
; {{x|texid}}, {{x|texji}}, {{x|texsvaf}}, {{x|texsix}}, {{x|texgo}}, ... | ; {{x|texid}}, {{x|texji}}, {{x|texsvaf}}, {{x|texsix}}, {{x|texgo}}, ... | ||
: first, second, third, ... | : first, second, third, ... | ||
Revision as of 14:22, 17 December 2019
Sorji (數字 Hokkien numerals; numbers in Taiwanese) come in two different sets:
In normal speech, a mix of both types is used. Let's start with colloquial.
Colloquial numbers
Cardinal numbers
To count "how many", "cardinal numbers" are used. Use the colloquial system (cit, nng, svaf) together with a classifier (the classifier will change tone when spoken). For example, from Cidboea Hii:
- cidboea hii, nngxciaq kef, svazaang chiuar, ...
- a tail of fish, a pair of chickens, three trees, ...
From 11, id and ji begin to be used instead of cit & nng. For example:
- zab'itboea (11-boea), zabjixciaq (12-ciaq), zabsvazaang (13-zaang), ...
- jixzab'itboea (21-boea), jixzabjixciaq (22-ciaq), ...
From 100, paq, count the hundreds place with cit, nng, svaf... and from 101, the blank tens place is khoxng (空† zero):
- cidpaq-ee (100-ee), cidpah'khorng'it'boea (101-boea), cidpah'khorngji'ciaq (102-ciaq), ...
There are shortcuts when the ones place is blank:
- pah'id-ee (110-ee), cidpah'zab'it'boea (111-boea), ...,
- pahji-ee (120-ee), cidpah'jixzab'it'boea (121-boea)
As we said, the next hundreds place is counted with nng.
- nngxpaq-ee (200-ee), nngxpah'id-ee (210-ee), nngxpahji-ee (220-ee)
Above 200, there's a shortcut using ar as a "weak form" of "hundred" (paq -> aq -> ar):
- jixafid-ee (210-ee), jixafji-ee (220-ee), ...
- goxafid-ee (510-ee), goxafji-ee (520-ee), ...
Thousands:
- cidzhefng (1000), zheng'id / cidzheng'id (1100), nngxchiefn (2000)
- 1,000, 1,100, 2,000
Ten thousand:
- cidban (1,0000), cidbaxn'id (1,1000), ..., nngxban (2,0000), ...
- 10,000, 11,000, ..., 20,000
Pahban (100,0000) is million (1,000,000).
Ordinal numbers
For ordinal numbers, when the numerals are preceded by the prefix te:
Literary numbers
| 1 | 2 | 3 / 三 | 4 / 四 | 5 / 五 | 6 / 六 | 7 / 七 | 8 / 八 | 9 / 九 | 10 / 十 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Peh | cit (蜀) | nng (兩) | svaf | six | go | lak | chid | pøeq | kao | zap |
| Buun | id (一) | ji (二) | safm | sux | gvor | liok | pad | kiuo | sip |
Telephone digits
Telephone digits are read using the literary system, with 0 read as khoxng. The digits are grouped according to certain rules and tone sandhi is applied. For example, 3945068 is read: 394, 50, 68 (samkiwsux, gvofkhoxng, liogpad; safm-kiuo-sux, gvor-khoxng, liok-pad; see Khax Tiexn'oe).
Date
The year is also read using the literary system. For example: 1998 is read: 19, 98-nii (itkiuo, kiwpatnii; see Jidkix Cidphvy).
References
- Oong Iogteg (1972-3). Taioaan-oe Jibmngg (MLT-parn) Liim Keahioong hoan'ek (2000).