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(→Dialectal Vowels: square brackets for IPA) |
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{|class=wikitable style="text-align:center;" | {|class=wikitable style="text-align:center;" | ||
|+Dialectical vowels | |+Dialectical vowels | ||
!Tâi-lô!! | !Tâi-lô!! IPA !! Description || Example (MTL) || # Entries <br>in [[DFT]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
|ir || | |ir || [ɨ] || {{w|close central unrounded vowel}}, between ''i'' and ''u'' || [[hii|h{{ir}}i]], [[hancii|hancɨi]], [[lauxsw|lauxs{{ir}}f]] || 56 | ||
|- | |- | ||
|er || | |er || [ə] || Schwa / {{w|mid central vowel}} || [[zhanlee|zhanl{{er}}e]], [[jinsym|lins{{er}}fm]] || ~90 | ||
|- | |- | ||
|ere || | |ere || [əe] || Schwa + e ([[øe]]), exclusive to [[Samkiab-khw|Samkiab]] || [[kef|køef]], [[khef|khøef]], [[te (地)|tøe]] || 83 | ||
|} | |} | ||
* ''ee'', the [[open-mid front unrounded vowel]] ( | * ''ee'', the [[open-mid front unrounded vowel]] ([ɛ]), is not used in Taiwanese but found in [[Ciangciw-oe|Ciangciw Hokkien]] | ||
== Tone markings == | == Tone markings == | ||
Revision as of 12:20, 5 August 2019
Taiwanese Romanization System (臺灣閩南語羅馬字拼音方案; TRS: Tâi-uân Lô-má-jī Phing-im Hong-àn; MTL: Taioaan Lømafji Pheng'ym Hong'axn) is derived from Pe̍h-ōe-jī and has been officially promoted by the Ministry of Education since 2006.
Dialectal Vowels
In TRS, r denotes dialectical vowels found in the regions of Lukang, Sanxia, Taipei, Kinmen, Magong, and Hsinchu, which tend toward Zoanciw accent.
| Tâi-lô | IPA | Description | Example (MTL) | # Entries in DFT |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ir | [ɨ] | close central unrounded vowel, between i and u | hɨi, hancɨi, lauxsɨf | 56 |
| er | [ə] | Schwa / mid central vowel | zhanləe, linsəfm | ~90 |
| ere | [əe] | Schwa + e (øe), exclusive to Samkiab | køef, khøef, tøe | 83 |
- ee, the open-mid front unrounded vowel ([ɛ]), is not used in Taiwanese but found in Ciangciw Hokkien
Tone markings
- tone markings:
- Tone 6: Lukang accent uses the 6th tone
- Tone 9: marked with the double acute accent (e.g. a̋, as in bua̋-kín, contraction of bøo-iaokirn) appears in 16 entries