Tone sandhi: Difference between revisions

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*{{tts|køf}} + {{tts|hioong}} = {{tts|[[Køhioong]]}}
*{{tts|køf}} + {{tts|hioong}} = {{tts|[[Køhioong]]}}
*{{tts|tvar}} + {{tts|kao}} = {{tts|[[Tvafkao]]}}
*{{tts|tvar}} + {{tts|kao}} = {{tts|[[Tvafkao]]}}
*{{tts|tvax}} + {{tts|ar}} = {{tts|[[tvarar]]}}
*{{tts|baq}} + {{tts|zaxng}} = {{tts|[[bahzaxng]]}}
*{{tts|baq}} + {{tts|zaxng}} = {{tts|[[bahzaxng]]}}
*{{tts|Taai}} + {{tts|oaan}} = {{tts|[[Taioaan]]}}
*{{tts|Taai}} + {{tts|oaan}} = {{tts|[[Taioaan]]}}
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*most nouns
*most nouns
*ciaf, hiaf, zef, hef, ciahniq', hiahniq'
*ciaf, hiaf, zef, hef, ciahniq', hiahniq'
*[[symmih]], [[uixsymmih]], (see [[Taiguo_Siong'iong_460-ji#Demonstrative_pronouns]])
*[[symmih]], [[ui symmih]], (see [[Taiguo_Siong'iong_460-ji#Demonstrative_pronouns]])
*basic+[[ar]]. (The basic tone syllable is excepted).
* [[Kitiau-ym|basic tone]] + [[ar]]. (The basic tone syllable is excepted).
*surnames before ''{{tts|siensvy}}'': {{tts|Taan`siensvy}}
*surnames before ''{{tts|siensvy}}'': {{tts|Taan`siensvy}}


==Further details==
==Further details==
* more detailed rules have been posted at Wikipedia: {{w|Taiwanese Hokkien#Tone sandhi}}, esp. special cases involving suffix ''ar'' (仔) and [[triplication]]
* more detailed rules have been posted at Wikipedia: {{w|Taiwanese Hokkien#Tone sandhi}}, esp. special cases involving suffix ''ar'' (仔) and [[triplication]]
*syllables ending in "[[h]]" are usually pronounced in [[shouting tone]], such as in {{tts|bahzaxng}}, but not {{tts|bøeq}}
*syllables ending in "[[h]]" are usually pronounced in [[shouting tone]], such as in {{tts|bahzaxng}}, but not {{tts|beq}}
*[[khix (toxngsuu)]] is usually treated as if originally "khiq"
*[[khix (toxngsuu)]] is usually treated as if originally "khiq"



Revision as of 05:20, 18 February 2018

Tone sandhi (Zoafntiau) in Taiwanese is the process of altering the tone of a syllable depending on the surrounding words and grammatical function. Most nouns in Taiwanese do not change tone. However, almost all verbs and adjectives do change tone when not at the end of a phrase.

Basic Rules (Tone Circle)

  • If the original tone number is 5 (curving-up tone), pronounce it as tone number 7 (basic). (see Ciangciw-oe)
  • If the original tone number is 7 (basic tone), pronounce it as tone number 3 (low falling).
  • If the original tone number is 3 (low tone), pronounce it as tone number 2 (shouting out).
  • If the original tone number is 2 (shouting tone), pronounce it as tone number 1 (high).
  • If the original tone number is 1 (high tone), pronounce it as tone number 7 (basic).
  • If the original tone number is 8, pronounce it as tone number 4.
  • If the original tone number is 4, pronounce it as tone number 8.

See diagram and Taiwanese Hokkien#Tone sandhi for a more detailed explanation.

Examples

Exceptions

Further details

External Links

SK