Table of all MLT finals: Difference between revisions

From Taioaan Wiki
Jump to navigation Jump to search
(move Note that several do not exist as standalone syllables or words. to lead)
 
(61 intermediate revisions by the same user not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
A '''list of all finals in Taiwanese Hokkien''' is presented in the following files using the [[Modern Taiwanese Language]] writing system, which integrates tone into the spelling of the final part of the [[syllable]] (the initial consonant is not affected). Note that several finals do not exist as standalone syllables or words.
'''Tables of all MLT finals'''. In a Taiwanese [[imcied|syllable]], there are two main parts: '''initial''' + '''final''', where the final includes [[Tones of Taiwanese|tone]]. In the [[Modern Literal Taiwanese|MLT]] writing system, the final may include up to three parts:


== Finals found in TSS ==
:: '''vowel''' + '''tone''' + optional '''final consonant'''
* 268 unique finals were found in the [[Frequently-Used Syllables in Frequently-Used Words of Taiwanese Hokkien]] via analysis of the [[TSS]] dictionary.
** The top ten most frequent finals (across the headwords) are: {{xl|ar}}, {{xl|ie}}, {{xl|eeng}}, {{xl|ii}}, {{xl|ofng}}, {{xl|i}}, {{xl|efng}}, {{xl|ix}}, {{xl|o}}, {{xl|af}}.
** The ten least frequent are: {{xl|vaau}}, {{xl|vau}}, {{xl|voq}}, {{xl|vuix}}, {{xl|ob}}, {{xl|viao}}, {{xl|om}}, {{xl|oom}}, {{xl|oaxng}}, {{xl|oafng}}.
** [[File:Finals in Kaohsiung-area Taiwanese (MOE_TBSS).ods]]


== Finals used for automated conversion ==
The tables below show how to spell any '''MLT final''' in each tone.
* A separate table of about 378 finals is used for the purpose of converting MTL to [[TRS]] or [[POJ]] or vice versa. Many of these do not appear in practice, or appear in loanwords, or other special cases.
 
** [[File:All finals in Taiwanese Hokkien.ods]]
== Versions ==
* [[Media:Seven_Tones_of_Taiwanese.pdf|''Seven Tones of Taiwanese'']], 32 × 7 grid for spelling out all tones
* [[Media:Examples_of_Seven_Tones_of_Taiwanese.pdf|Examples]], using words and syllables from  [[Practical Taiwanese Conversation]] (Level 1)
* [[Media:Finals of Modern Literal Taiwanese.pdf|''Finals of Modern Literal Taiwanese'']], 46 × 7 grid, including '''om''', '''oang''' and "front nasal" vowels (see [[v]])
 
== Background ==
* counted over 2100 distinct [[TL]] [[syllable]]s in ''[[Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan]]''
* after dropping tone markings, found 80 distinct finals: 44 long, 36 short
** ten most frequent: '''i''', '''e''', '''a''', '''ing''', '''u''', '''oo''', '''au''', '''ue''', '''o''', '''ai'''
** nine least frequent: '''om''', '''aunnh''', '''aih''', '''iuh''', '''ennh''', '''mh''', '''uang''', '''onnh''', '''iaunn''', '''op'''. These can be found in the MTL words: {{x|om}}, {{x|hvauqhvauh}}, {{x|haiq}}, {{x|tiuq}}, {{x|khveh}}, {{x|hmqhmh}}, {{x|oafng}}, {{x|`hvoq}}, {{x|viaw}}, {{x|lob}}


== See also ==
== See also ==
* [[List of all initial consonants in Taiwanese Hokkien]]
* [[MTL Toolbox]] - soundboard
* [[Frequently-Used Syllables in Frequently-Used Words of Taiwanese Hokkien]]
* initial consonants in [[Modern Literal Taiwanese alphabet]]
* [[Tones of Taiwanese]]
* [[Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan/Monosyllables]]

Latest revision as of 10:52, 2 April 2024

Tables of all MLT finals. In a Taiwanese syllable, there are two main parts: initial + final, where the final includes tone. In the MLT writing system, the final may include up to three parts:

vowel + tone + optional final consonant

The tables below show how to spell any MLT final in each tone.

Versions

Background

See also

Retrieved from "https://taioaan.org/wiki/index.php?title=Table_of_all_MLT_finals&oldid=53539"